Self-Efficacy of the Community Health Agent, Importance of Motivation and Empowerment.

INTRODUCTION: The community health agent plays an essential role as a link between the community and health institutions; the effectiveness of their work is crucial in promoting health, prevention, and detection of diseases. Motivation and empowerment could affect the performance of the community agent in carrying out his work. OBJECTIVE: To determine if work motivation and empowerment are factors associated with the self-efficacy of the community health agent. METHODOLOGY: Observational and cross-sectional study. The study included community health agents in the Non-Governmental Organization ADRA in Imbabura and Pichincha, Ecuador. The sample selected by the census method corresponds to 300 agents. The instruments were the Motivation at Work Scale (R-MAWS), the Psychological Empowerment Scale, and the Professional Self-efficacy Questionnaire (AU10). Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using dispersion and summary measures-a comparative analysis with chi-square. The inferential analysis was done through logistic regression where the B coefficient and the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were evaluated, P < .05. The theoretical and adjusted model of the structural model allowed us to corroborate the association of the variables. RESULTS: Motivation had a positive effect on self-efficacy (OR = 10.091, CI [5.509-18.485], P < .05), empowerment had a minimal effect (OR = 0.664, CI [0.363-1.214], P > .05), which is not significant to predict the perception of self-efficacy. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that to improve the self-efficacy of the work of community health agents, it is necessary to intervene through strategies that keep them motivated in the exercise of their mediation work between the community and health institutions. Likewise, empowering them would contribute to self-efficacy and thus help in the fulfillment of the functions of health agents.

Emotional intelligence as a predictor of job satisfaction: the mediating role of conflict management in nurses.

Background: Emotional Intelligence (EI) has emerged as a pivotal factor in work effectiveness and well-being within the healthcare domain. Specifically, its significance is heightened in the nursing sector, where emotional and social demands are high. Additionally, job satisfaction and conflict management are recognized as vital predictors of patient care service quality. However, there is a dearth of research addressing the mediating role of conflict management in the relationship between EI and job satisfaction within a nursing context. Objective: This study aims to assess the mediating role of conflict management in the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among nurses. Methods: The STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies was followed. A cross-sectional and explanatory design was employed. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires to measure emotional intelligence, conflict management, and job satisfaction. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted to test the proposed hypotheses. Results: A total of 208 nurses aged between 18 and 65 years participated (M = 41.18, SD = 8.942). The findings confirmed a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and conflict management (ß = 0.64, p < 0.001). Similarly, a positive relationship between conflict management and job satisfaction was observed (ß = 0.37, p < 0.001). Moreover, conflict management was validated as a mediator in the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction (ß = 0.77, p = 0.002). Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of emotional intelligence and conflict management as predictors of job satisfaction in nurses. The results suggest that interventions aimed at enhancing emotional intelligence might be an effective avenue for increasing job satisfaction, especially when conflict management strategies are integrated.

Concern About Returning to Face-to-Face Classes After the Pandemic: Importance of Emotional Intelligence and Stress Coping Strategies in Health Science Students.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a new normality, a scenario where different circumstances trigger emotions such as concern about returning to face-to-face classes, to which higher education students adapt. The objective was to identify how emotional intelligence and coping with stress explain students' concern about returning to face-to-face classes post COVID-19. Methods: This was an explanatory and cross-sectional study. The sample by intention was 588 students from the Faculty of Health Sciences. The Rotterdam Emotional Intelligence Scale (REIS), the Stress Coping Questionnaire (CAE), and the ACAD-COVID-19 scale were used. For data collection, the instruments were digitized. Bivariate analysis with Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression was performed. Results: The mean age of the participants was 19.72 years; most were single and without children (96.9% and 96.8%, respectively). 74.3% did not work, 80.8% were from the first years of study, and 52.7% belonged to nursing school. About 94.2% of participants indicated having adequate emotional intelligence, 91.3% expressed coping with adequate stress, and 67.2% indicated serious concern about returning to face-to-face classes. An association was found between gender (p=0.042), age (p=0.002), year of study (p=0.027), emotional intelligence (p=0.001), and coping with stress (p=0.001) with concern for return to face-to-face classes. Emotional intelligence identified as adequate (OR: 2.580; IC95%: 1.117-5.960) and coping with stress identified as adequate (OR: 2.008; IC95%: 1.018-3.960) are more likely to express serious concern about the return to face-to-face classes after the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: According to the results, the need to safeguard the psychological aspects of students is highlighted, especially emotional intelligence, as well as to improve coping with stress so that they can better manage concerns about returning to face-to-face classes. The educational authorities should implement strategies to improve these aspects in order to ensure the adequate return to face-to-face classes in new scenarios.

Validación de la escala de autoevaluación del aprendizaje práctico cibisa en estudiantes de enfermería peruanos

Objetivo: Determinar la validez y confiabilidad de la escala CIBISA para la autoevaluación del aprendizaje práctico de estudiantes de enfermería. Material y Método: Estudio instrumental, transversal, con estudiantes de enfermería que estuvieron realizando prácticas clínicas, en el que se analizaron las propiedades psicométricas de la escala CIBISA, tales como la validación de contenido y consistencia interna a través del cálculo de V de Aiken y posteriormente Análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC), respectivamente. Finalmente, se calculó la confiabilidad de la escala. Resultados: Se obtuvo una V de Aiken de 0,9. Asimismo, los valores de asimetría y curtosis del ítem 1 y 28 superaron el valor +/- 1,5. Los índices de bondad de ajuste del modelo original mostraron valores deficientes; por lo que, a través de la técnica de modificación de índices se eliminaron los ítems 8, 10, 18, 21, 25, 28, 13 y 26 donde los índices de bondad de ajuste mostraron que el modelo de 20 ítems era satisfactorio (χ2 = 4776,826; df= 190; p= 0,000; CFI= 0,938; TLI= 0,930; RMSEA= 0,080 y SRMR< 0,080). La confiabilidad de la escala presenta un coeficiente α de Cronbach= 0,91. Conclusión: La escala CIBISA de 20 ítems es válida y confiable para medir la autoevaluación del aprendizaje práctico del estudiante de enfermería.

Objective: To determine the validity and reliability of the CIBISA scale for the self-assessment of practical learning of nursing students. Material and Method: Instrumental, cross-sectional study, with nursing students who were doing clinical practices, in which the psychometric properties of the CIBISA scale were analyzed, such as the validation of content and internal consistency through the calculation of Aiken's V and subsequently confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), respectively. Finally, the reliability of the scale was calculated. Results: Aiken's V of 0.9 was obtained. Likewise, the values of asymmetry and kurtosis of item 1 and 28 exceeded the value +/- 1.5. The goodness of fit indices of the original model showed deficient values; Therefore, through the index modification technique, items 8, 10, 18, 21, 25, 28, 13 and 26 were eliminated, where the goodness-of-fit indices showed that the 20-item model was satisfactory (χ2= 4776.826; df= 190; p= 0.000; CFI= 0.938; TLI= 0.930; RMSEA= 0.080 and SRMR< 0.080). The reliability of the scale presents a Cronbach's α coefficient=0.91. Conclusion: The 20-item CIBISA scale is valid and reliable to measure the self-assessment of practical learning of nursing students.

Objetivo: Determinar a validade e confiabilidade da escala CIBISA para a autoavaliação da aprendizagem prática de estudantes de enfermagem. Material e Método: Estudo instrumental, transversal, com estudantes de enfermagem que realizavam práticas clínicas, no qual foram analisadas as propriedades psicométricas da escala CIBISA, como a validação de conteúdo e consistência interna através do cálculo do V de Aiken e posteriormente confirmatório análise fatorial (CFA), respectivamente. Por fim, calculou-se a confiabilidade da escala. Resultados: Obteve-se V de Aiken de 0,9. Da mesma forma, os valores de assimetria e curtose dos itens 1 e 28 ultrapassaram o valor +/- 1,5. Os índices de qualidade de ajuste do modelo original apresentaram valores deficientes; portanto, através da técnica de modificação do índice, os itens 8, 10, 18, 21, 25, 28, 13 e 26 foram eliminados, onde os índices de qualidade de ajuste mostraram que o modelo de 20 itens foi satisfatório (χ2= 4776,826; df= 190; p= 0,000; CFI= 0,938; TLI= 0,930; RMSEA= 0,080 e SRMR< 0,080). A confiabilidade da escala apresenta coeficiente α de Cronbach= 0,91. Conclusão: A escala CIBISA de 20 itens é válida e confiável para medir a autoavaliação da aprendizagem prática de estudantes de enfermagem.

Depression Associated with Caregiver Quality of Life in Post-COVID-19 Patients in Two Regions of Peru.

Due to COVID-19, the workload experienced by caregivers has increased markedly which has led them to experience fatigue, anxiety and depression. This study aims to determine the relationship between quality of life and depression in caregivers of post-COVID-19 patients in two regions of Peru. In a cross-sectional analytical study, the sample was non-probabilistic and by snowball, and consisted of 730 caregivers, to whom the questionnaires "Modified Betty Ferell Quality of Life" and the "Beck Depression Inventory" were applied. It was determined that being a male caregiver (OR: 2.119; 95% CI: 1.332-3.369) was associated with a good quality of life. On the other hand, caregivers who had children (OR: 0.391; 95% CI: 0.227-0.675), were vaccinated against COVID-19 (OR: 0.432; 95% CI: 0.250-0.744), were immediate family members (OR: 0.298; 95% CI: 0.117-0.761) and had high depression (OR: 0.189; 95% CI: 0.073-0.490) were associated with poor quality of life. The results of this study allow us to conclude the association between depression and poor quality of life in caregivers of these patients so it is necessary to monitor the mental health of caregivers, and to develop adaptation strategies to pandemic conditions.

Influencia de autoconcepto en los estilos de vida de estudiantes de enfermería en una universidad privada del Este de Lima / Influence of self-concept in the lifestyles of nursing students in a private university in Eastern Lima

Resumen La formación académica de los profesionales de ciencias de la salud lleva implícito el desarrollo armonioso e integral como ser humano, considerando, entre otros elementos, el autoconcepto y los estilos de vida a fin de que se constituya en un agente proactivo de cambio en el lugar donde se desempeñe. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la influencia del autoconcepto sobre los estilos de vida en estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima Este. Su diseño es no experimental de tipo cuantitativo con enfoque explicativo-causal y transversal. El método de muestreo utilizado fue el no probabilístico. Participaron 135 estudiantes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y contó con la aprobación del Comité de Ética de la universidad. Para el logro de los objetivos, se aplicó el cuestionario de estilos de vida (PEPS-I), para la variable autoconcepto el test AF-5. En el análisis descriptivo, el promedio del perfil de estilos de vida corresponde a la dimensión autoactualización (43.2), seguido de la dimensión responsabilidad en la salud (26.1) y la dimensión ejercicio con el promedio más bajo (12.4). En el análisis de la variable autoconcepto, el autoconcepto social obtuvo mayor promedio (43.2) y el autoconcepto físico presentó menor promedio (28.2). Una vez concluido el estudio, se pudo afirmar que el autoconcepto influye significativamente sobre el estilo de vida de los estudiantes (β = .80; p < .05); es decir que el autoconcepto logró explicar el 80 % del perfil de estilo de vida que llevaban los estudiantes.

Abstract The academic formation of health science professionals involves their harmonious and integral development as human beings, considering, among other elements, self-concept and lifestyles, in order to become a proactive agent of change in the place where they work. Generally, health science students at the university level in Peru start as adolescents and continue into their later teenage years, a time when self-concept and behavior are developing with a relation between the two. Additionally, university students often do not eat a balanced diet, sleep an adequate number of hours each night, or do enough exercise during the week. This problem is compounded when they have a heavy course load, as is often the case for students in the health sciences. With this in mind, the objective of this study was to identify the influence of self-concept on lifestyles in students of a private university in eastern Lima. The study has a non-experimental design and it is a quantitative study with an explanatory-causal and cross-sectional approach. The sampling method used was non-probabilistic, and 135 students participated in the study, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their ages ranged from 16 to 24 years old (M = 20) and the majority of the participants were female (87 %). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the university. Two previously validated instruments were chosen to measure the primary variables of the study. The Lifestyle Questionnaire (PEPS-I), consisting of 48 questions with answers on a Likert scale, consists of six factors and was chosen since it has already been validated with adolescents in Peru. The AF-5 has 30 questions grouped into five factors, and it was chosen for the self-concept variable since it has already been validated in a sample of university students in Peru. Both instruments were administered with the support of the Dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the university where the study was carried out. Teachers of different courses granted around 20 minutes of their class time for the study team members to come in, present the study, ask for informed consent, and then apply the instruments with those who were willing to participate. In the descriptive analysis, the average of the lifestyle profile corresponds to the self-realization dimension (43.2), followed by the health responsibility dimension (26.1) and the lowest average belongs to the exercise dimension (12.4). In the analysis of the self-concept variable, the social self-concept obtained the highest average (43.2) and the physical self-concept presented the lowest average (28.2). A model was developed to explore the relationships between the two variables and within the factors of each variable. This model shows that self-concept significantly influences the lifestyle of these students (β = .80; p < .05), that is, self-concept is able to explain 80 % of the lifestyle profile that the students currently hold. Within each variable, most of the factors for self-concept had values equal to or greater than .80, except for the family factor which had a value of .55 while the factors for lifestyles were all above .75 except for the exercise factor. Health science education at the university level should include integral formation not only about knowledge that can be used to treat future patients, but also about lifestyle changes that can help their own health. Self-concept and lifestyle are both in a process of formation during the university years, and they are related. Simply learning about the benefits of healthy lifestyles is not enough, as many health science students are taught these concepts but yet do not put them into practice. Social self-concept in particular, since it was the highest score among the related factors, could be a key way to encourage health science students to take what they learn and put it into practice in their own lives.

Apoyo social y autocuidado en pacientes con Tuberculosis Pulmonar Hospital Lima Este, 2020, Perú / Social support and self-care in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis Lima Este Hospital, 2020, Peru

Introducción: Uno de los problemas de salud pública en Perú es la tuberculosis pulmonar, conocer la realidad desde diferentes ópticas permitirá el abordaje apropiado para la terapéutica, así como la atención a la persona. Objetivo: Determinar la relación que existe entre el apoyo social y el autocuidado de los pacientes de un hospital de Lima ­ Este, Perú. Materiales y métodos: Estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, correlacional y transversal. La población fue de 114 pacientes pertenecientes al PNCT. Se utilizó el muestreo no probabilístico por intención, aplicando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se obtuvo la muestra constituída por 100 pacientes. Se aplicó el Test MOS de Apoyo Social y el Test de Autocuidado. En la recolección de datos se tomó en cuenta las consideraciones éticas. Los datos fueron procesados en el software SPSS-24, y analizados con Estadística descriptiva utilizando frecuencias y porcentajes. Para el análisis inferencial se utilizó Chi cuadrado. Resultados: El sexo, la edad, el grado de instrucción y el estado civil, no tienen relación con el autocuidado de los pacientes con TB con p-valor >0,05. El 69,2% de los pacientes que recibía esquema de tratamiento para TB MDR presentaron un autocuidado inadecuado. El 100% de los pacientes que recibía tratamiento para TB sensible presentaron un autocuidado adecuado, con relación significativa con un p-valor de 0,000. El 83,3% de los pacientes que percibieron un apoyo adecuado presentaron un autocuidado adecuado, el 76,9% que percibió un apoyo escaso, calificó su autocuidado como inadecuado con relación significativa con un p-valor de 0,000. Resultados similares se observan para las dimensiones del apoyo social con un p-valor <0,05. Conclusión: Los pacientes se caracterizan por ser jóvenes, varones, solteros y recibir tratamiento para TB sensible. Existe relación significativa entre un adecuado apoyo social y un adecuado autocuidado. Un esquema de tratamiento para TB resistente se relaciona con un inadecuado autocuidado.

Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis is considered one of the major public health issues in Peru, thus understanding its real condition from different points of view will allow choosing the most appropriate therapeutic approach and patient care. Objective: To determine the relationship between social support and self-care in patients in the Lima Este Hospital, Peru. Materials and Methods: A quantitative correlational cross-sectional study was conducted with 114 patients participating in the NTCP program. Non-probability purposive sampling was built with 100 patients for which inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The MOS Social Support Survey and Self-Care Questionnaire were administered. Ethical considerations were considered for data collection. Data was processed using SPSS-24 software and later analyzed using descriptive statistics with frequencies and percentages. The chi-squared test was used for inferential analysis. Results: Sex, age, educational level and marital status had no relationship (p>0.05) with self-care in TB patients. Inappropriate self-care was found in 69.2% of patients receiving MDR-TB treatment. 100% of patients receiving drug-susceptible TB treatment showed appropriate self-care with a significant relationship (p-value of 0.000). 83.3% of patients who perceived appropriate support showed appropriate self-care, 76.9% of patients who perceived poor support rated their self-care as inappropriate with a significant relationship (p-value of 0.000). Similar findings were found for the social support dimension with a p-value of <0.05. Conclusions: Patients were characterized as young, male and single under drug-susceptible TB treatment. A significant relationship was found between appropriate social support and appropriate self-care. A schedule for drug-susceptible TB treatment is related to inappropriate self-care.

Introdução: Um dos problemas de saúde pública no Peru é a tuberculose pulmonar, e compreender a realidade a partir de diferentes perspectivas permitirá uma abordagem adequada à terapia e cuidados para o indivíduo. Objetivo: Determinar a relação entre apoio social e autocuidado dos pacientes em um hospital em Lima - Este, Peru. Materiais e Métodos: Um estudo quantitativo, correlacional e transversal. A população era de 114 pacientes pertencentes ao Programa Nacional de Controle da Tuberculose (PNCT). A amostragem não-probabilística por intenção foi utilizada, aplicando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, a amostra consistiu em 100 pacientes. Foram aplicados a Escala de Apoio Social MOS e o Teste de Autocuidado. As considerações éticas foram levadas em conta na recolha de dados. Os dados foram processados no software SPSS-24, e analisados com estatísticas descritivas utilizando frequências e percentagens. O qui-quadrado foi usado para análise inferencial. Resultados: Sexo, idade, nível de escolaridade e estado civil não tiveram relação com o autocuidado de pacientes com TB com valor de p >0,05. 69,2% dos pacientes que receberam o regime de tratamento da TB MDR tinham um autocuidado inadequado. 100% dos pacientes que receberam tratamento para a tuberculose sensível mostraram um autocuidado adequado, com uma relação significativa com um valor p de 0,000. 83,3% dos pacientes que perceberam apoio adequado tinham autocuidado adequado, 76,9% que perceberam apoio deficiente classificaram seu autocuidado como inadequado com uma relação significativa com um valor p de 0,000. Resultados semelhantes foram observados para as dimensões de apoio social com um valor p<0,05. Conclusão: Os pacientes caracterizam-se por serem jovens, homens, solteiros e receberem tratamento para a tuberculose sensível. Existe uma relação significativa entre o apoio social adequado e o autocuidado adequado. Um regime de tratamento para a TB resistente está associado a um autocuidado inadequado.

The WMS Healthy Lifestyle Scale for Adolescents: Development and Validation Based on a Second-order General Factor Model.

Objective: We developed and validated the psychometric properties of a scale to assess healthy lifestyle in adolescents aged 12 to 18. Methods: A pilot sample of 404 adolescents (54% males and 46% females) and a confirmatory sample of 1713 adolescents (48.7% males and 51.3% females) were considered. Results: In the pilot study, we performed an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), where the toxic relations dimension was changed to the social relations dimension. In the confirmatory study, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), where the second-order general factor model presented adequate adjustment indices (CFI = .94; TLI = .93; RMSEA = .04[90% CI = .039-.044]; SRMR = .05). In addition, the global scale presented an adequate composite reliability index (CRI = .87) along with the 8 proposed dimensions: social relationships (.62), leisure habits (.55); risk-taking behaviors (.82), eating habits (.66); search for clean air (.57); sun protection (.79); physical activity (.65) and water drinking (.68). Conclusions: The results of the study contribute to an adequate measurement of the construct and evidence for the existence of a second-order general factor model. Furthermore, the study provides a conceptual and statistical basis for the psychometric development of the WMS scale in subsequent studies.

Educación interprofesional y vivencias de los estudiantes en la ejecución de proyectos de desarrollo social / Interprofessional Education and Life Experience of Students in the Implementation of Social Development Projects

Introducción: La educación terciaria tiene el reto de formar profesionales de salud idóneos para desempeñarse como agentes proactivos de cambio. La participación en proyectos sociales es una estrategia para integrar la educación interprofesional en sus competencias. Objetivo: Comprender las vivencias de los estudiantes que participan en proyectos de desarrollo social, en el marco de la educación interprofesional. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico. La muestra se obtuvo por saturación teórica, conformada por 11 estudiantes que participaron en proyectos de desarrollo social. La colecta de datos se realizó con una entrevista en profundidad a los estudiantes que otorgaron su consentimiento informado. Se utilizó el análisis fenomenológico de Coalizzi identificando significados, categorías y subcategorías. Resultados: Del análisis de los discursos emergieron 4 categorías: trabajo en equipo, colaboración interprofesional, toma de decisiones y resolución de conflictos, adquisición de nuevos conocimientos y habilidades. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes participantes fortalecieron el trabajo en equipo ya que conocieron mejor su rol. La comunicación interprofesional fue base para consolidar su participación en los roles de liderazgo y les permitió visualizar su actuar ulterior como profesionales de la salud en la búsqueda de la atención centrada en el paciente con una práctica colaborativa. Frente a dificultades surgidas aprendieron a tomar decisiones en equipo para resolver los conflictos a través del reconocimiento de las líneas de autoridad. Han adquirido nuevos conocimientos y habilidades lo que permite que su formación sea más sólida al asumir un compromiso con la sociedad para dar una atención centrada en el paciente, interprofesionalmente y con calidad(AU)

Introduction: Tertiary education is challenged to train health professionals qualified to act as proactive agents of change. Participation in social projects is a strategy to integrate interprofessional education into its competences. Objective: To understand the experiences of the students who participate in social development projects, within the framework of interprofessional education. Methods: Qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. The sample was obtained by theoretical saturation, made up of 11 students who participated in social development projects. The data collection was carried out with an in-depth interview with the students who gave their informed consent. Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis was used, and meanings, categories and subcategories were identified. Results: From the analysis of the discourses, four categories emerged: teamwork, interprofessional collaboration, decision making and conflict resolution, acquisition of new knowledge and skills. Conclusions: The participating students strengthened teamwork, as they knew their role better. Interprofessional communication was the basis to consolidate their participation in leadership roles and allowed them to visualize their subsequent actions as health professionals in the search for patient-centered care with collaborative practice. Before the difficulties that appeared, they learned to make team decisions to resolve conflicts through the recognition of lines of authority. They have acquired new knowledge and skills, which makes their training more solid by assuming a commitment to society and to provide quality patient-centered care interprofessionally(AU)

Estrategias para disminuir diarreas parasitosis y anemia en menores de cinco años zona altoandina Perú / Strategies to reduce diarrhea parasitosis and anemia in children under five years high Andean area Peru / Estratégias para reduzir diarréia, parasitoses e anemia em menores de cinco anos na região altoandina Peru / Stratégies pour réduire la diarrhée parasitose et l'anémie chez les enfants de moins de cinq ans dans la région andine du Pérou

Resumen Objetivo: Proponer un modelo de intervención para disminuir casos de diarrea, parasitosis y anemia en menores de 5 años. Materiales y Métodos: El trabajo tiene dos partes, una diagnóstica y la otra es propositiva. La primera se refiere a un programa de intervención, de diseño pre experimental con pre y pos prueba. Participaron 40 niños. Para el grupo experimental se realizó un programa de intervención. La efectividad del programa se identificó con la prueba estadística de T-Student y Mc Nemar, según prueba de normalidad. La parte propositiva corresponde al Modelo de intervención con estrategias, basado en el enfoque filosófico de la Concepción Metodológica Dialéctica y el pensamiento de Enrique Pichón Riviére. Resultados: En la fase diagnóstica, para el caso de anemia el grupo experimental demostró disminución con diferencia bilateral de 0,00 con p<0,05. Para el caso de parasitosis intestinal y diarreas el grupo experimental presentó disminución con diferencia bilateral de 0,001 con p<0,05. La fase propositiva corresponde al Modelo de intervención cuyos pilares son: Educación y diálogo, cambio conductual, empoderamiento y gestión intersectorial. Conclusiones: El modelo de intervención con estrategias preventivas, basado en la experiencia del programa desarrollado, permitirá disminuir casos de diarreas, parasitosis y anemia en menores de cinco años.

Abstract Objective: To propose an intervention model to reduce cases of diarrhea, parasites and anemia in children under 5 years of age. Method: This work has two parts, one diagnostic and the other is proactive. The first refers to an intervention program, pre-experimental design with pre and post test. 40 children participated. For the experimental group an intervention program was carried out. The effectiveness of the program was identified with the statistical test of T-Student and Mc Nemar, according to the normality test. The purposive part corresponds to the Intervention Model with strategies, based on the philosophical approach of the Dialectical Methodological Conception and the thinking of Enrique Pichón Riviére. Results: In the diagnostic phase, in the case of anemia, the experimental group showed a decrease with a bilateral difference of 0.00 with p <0.05. In the case of intestinal parasitosis and diarrhea, the experimental group showed a decrease with a bilateral difference of 0.001 with p <0.05. The purposed phase corresponds to the intervention model whose pillars are: education and dialogue, behavioral change, empowerment and intersectoral management. Conclusions: The intervention model with preventive strategies, based on the experience of the developed program, will allow to reduce cases of diarrhea, parasitosis and anemia in children under five years.

Resumo Objetivo: Propor um modelo de intervenção para reduzir os casos de diarreia, parasitoses e anemia em crianças menores de 5 anos de idade. Método: O trabalho tem duas partes, uma diagnóstica e outra de intervenção. O primeiro refere-se a um programa de intervenção, com desenho pré-experimental com pré e pós teste. Participaram 40 crianças. Para o grupo experimental foi realizado um programa de intervenção. A eficácia do programa verificou-se através do teste estatístico de T-Student e Mc Nemar, de acordo com o teste de normalidade. A parte propositiva corresponde ao Modelo de Intervenção com estratégias, baseado na abordagem filosófica da Conceção Metodológica Dialética e no pensamento de Enrique Pichón Riviére. Resultados: Na fase diagnóstica, no caso de anemia, o grupo experimental apresentou uma diminuição com uma diferença bilateral de 0,00 com p <0,05. No caso de parasitose intestinal e da diarreia, o grupo experimental apresentou uma diminuição com diferença bilateral de 0,001 com p <0,05. A fase propositiva corresponde ao modelo de intervenção cujos pilares são: educação e diálogo, mudança de comportamento, empoderamento e gestão intersetorial. Conclusões: O modelo de intervenção com estratégias preventivas, baseado na experiência do programa desenvolvido, permitirá reducir os casos de diarreia, parasitose e anemia em crianças menores de cinco anos de idade.

Résumé Objectif: Proposer un modèle d'intervention pour réduire les cas de diarrhée, parasitose et anémie chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans. Méthode: ce travail comporte deux parties, l'une diagnostique et l'autre proactive La première partie fait référence à un programme d'intervention, à une conception pré-expérimentale avec pré-test et post-test. 40 enfants ont participé. Pour le groupe expérimental, un programme d'intervention a été réalisé. L'efficacité du programme a été identifiée avec le test statistique de T-Student et Mc Nemar, selon le test de normalité. La partie proposition correspond au modèle d'intervention avec des stratégies, basé sur l'approche philosophique de la conception méthodologique dialectique et de la pensée d'Enrique Pichón Riviére. Résultats: Dans la phase de diagnostic, dans le cas d'anémie, le groupe expérimental a montré une diminution avec une différence bilatérale de 0,00 avec p <0,05. Dans le cas de parasitose intestinale et de diarrhée, le groupe expérimental a montré une diminution avec une différence bilatérale de 0,001 avec p <0,05. La phase proposée correspond au modèle d'intervention dont les piliers sont: l'éducation et le dialogue, le changement de comportement, l'autonomisation et la gestion intersectorielle. Conclusions: Le modèle d'intervention avec stratégies préventives, basé sur l'expérience du programme développé, permettra de réduire les cas de diarrhée, parasitose et anémie chez les enfants de moins de cinq ans.